Low-Carbon Revenues and Readiness

1. MSCI Sustainable Impact Metrics are used to calculate clean-technology revenues, which are defined as those derived from products and services related to energy efficiency, pollution prevention, green building, alternative energy and sustainable water. Revenues reflect those by firms that are domiciled in each geographic region per MSCI country-classification methodology.
2. Firm-level Low-Carbon Transition data and number of patents as of September 2020. Solutions-oriented firms are those that have the potential to benefit through the growth of low-carbon products and services. The classification is based on the MSCI Low-Carbon Transition methodology.