Matching scope 3 emissions with a bank’s loan book has been elusive. But recent pressure from inside and outside the banking industry may soon change that – then will come the truly hard questions. And although recent SPAC-merger listings have unlocked ready capital for EV startups, it’s left investors with more questions than answers.

Institutional investors may have more exposure to cryptocurrency risk than they realize. We find that cryptocurrencies were a part of business for at least 52 companies covered by MSCI ESG Research, including 26 MSCI ACWI Index constituents.